Now that total Global Positioning plans (GPS) packages.

Now that total Global Positioning plans (GPS) packages, with hardware, software and receivers, are more affordable, city and shire officials are considering GPS equipment purchases for a variety of municipal applications, especially when implementing GIS reviews

But even with the widespread availability of GIS tools, many cities and counties still plan their GP measure and estimate projects using time-consuming, manual manners In some cases, the latest technology is not available to the municipalities and budgetary constraints are limited.

now at times, two weeks or more are required to review information manually forward lengthy, hard-copy control reports to determine acceptable curb for a project. Control points must then be plott usually forward quad maps, before survey points can be chosen a task that leaves the throw open to error.

However, using the of recent origin GIS tools, surveyors can save time in the planning stage and debar costly errors. GIS tools can make less ...